These warnings inform the public, governments, and businesses of the dangers of approaching hurricanes, severe thunderstorms, flooding, and winter storms just to mention a few.Ītmospheric research seeks to answer questions about our understanding of the atmosphere and how it works and impacts us. Services provided range from terminal and en route forecasts to automated, computer-generated flight plans.Īn extension of forecasting is the provision of warnings for hazardous weather. However, many aviation forecasting services are provided by the NWS and commercial weather firms. A number of larger airlines, both passenger and cargo haulers, have their own meteorology departments. Weather forecasting includes aviation meteorology. Private forecasters also keep gas and electric companies informed about impending hot spells or cold waves that will put heavy demands on generating plants and transmission systems. Others forecast the weather for athletic events such as professional football games and golf tournaments. Some private forecasters work for commodities traders who are concerned about the effects of weather on crop production and prices. Broadcast meteorologists also review the guidance forecasts before preparing their own local and national forecasts on television and radio.Īn example of a private sector forecast service would be short-term, small-scale snow forecasts for city public works managers who need to know how many snowplows to put on the streets in various neighborhoods when a winter storm is on the way. The guidance forecasts are also used by private sector meteorologists who provide forecasting services for numerous clients. These guidance forecasts go to local offices where NWS meteorologists apply their skill and experience to fine-tune the predictions for their regions and specific towns and cities. National Weather Service (NWS) meteorologists in Washington, D.C., use these data as a starting point to produce guidance forecasts for the United States with sophisticated computer models. This information is transmitted to world weather centers in the United States, the UK, Russia, and Australia, where computers produce analyses of global weather. Radar, aircraft and satellites also are used to collect data on what is happening in the atmosphere. They release weather balloons at more than 500 stations to make upper-air measurements. Several times each day, weather observers record atmospheric measurements at nearly 10,000 surface weather stations around the world and several thousand ships at sea. The weather forecast that you see on your television screen is the end product of a worldwide effort by thousands of meteorologists in the national weather services of many nations. Weather forecasting involves many people in many countries because the systems that bring us our weather are hundreds of miles in extent and move across huge regions of the earth's surface as they grow and change. Forecasting has always been at the heart of meteorology, and many young people have been drawn to the profession by the challenge of forecasting a natural event and seeing that forecast affect the lives of thousands of people.
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